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W127 — A practical approach to maintaining DC reference standards

DC voltage standards based on Zener technology are now in widespread use in electrical standards laboratories and have brought many practical advantages over the Weston Cells they replaced.
However, with the accumulated measurement data it has become obvious that
solid-state references must be used with some caution if their full potential is to be realized. Careful instrument design can overcome many of the potential limitations of Zener-based voltage reference standards. This paper discusses the design considerations for a standard introduced by Fluke’s Precision Measurements Division.